The 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to John B Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino, in recognition of their contributions to the development of lithium-ion batteries. In particular, John Goodenough became the oldest Nobel laureate in history, and his life's exploration of lithium batteries is particularly admirable. Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) is one of his important contributions.

　　Lithium iron phosphate is also considered by him to be the safest and most environmentally friendly cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.

　　At present, the mainstream lithium batteries in the industry are divided into lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium.

　　In the data center scenario, two types of batteries, lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium, are commonly used. Lithium iron phosphate has higher reliability and ternary lithium has advantages in energy density.

　　Lithium iron phosphate has high thermal stability, slow heat generation rate, and low heat generation

　　Lithium iron phosphate is stable at high temperature, and the heat generation peak at high temperature is not obvious. The peak heat generation power is only about 1W. Under high temperature or high pressure, the ternary element is easy to evolve oxygen and increase combustion. The peak heat generation rate is about 80W/min, which is easy to trigger explosive combustion (seconds), the system is difficult to respond to control. In terms of total heat production, lithium iron phosphate is significantly lower than ternary, lithium manganate and other materials (the area of the heat production power curve and the horizontal axis represents the total heat production).

　　Lithium iron phosphate structure is more stable

　　From the perspective of molecular structure, the molecular structure of lithium iron phosphate is an olive-like three-dimensional structure, while the molecular structures of lithium cobalt oxide and ternary lithium are layered two-dimensional structures. The 2D layered structure is easy to collapse. Relatively speaking, the lithium iron phosphate molecule The structure is more stable.

　　Lithium iron phosphate thermal runaway reaction does not produce combustion aid

　　Lithium iron phosphate will not generate oxygen after thermal runaway, while lithium manganate, lithium cobalt, and ternary lithium will generate oxygen after thermal runaway, so it is easier to catch fire. In addition, the temperature required for thermal runaway of lithium iron phosphate is higher. Relatively speaking, the temperature points required to reach thermal runaway of lithium manganate, lithium cobalt oxide and ternary lithium are far lower than those of lithium iron phosphate.